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All contents 2006-2012 DNA Tribes. DNA Tribes DNA Tribes patent pending analysis is available exclusively from DNA Tribes. All rights reserved.
DNA Tribes Digest January 1, 2012 Copyright 2012 DNA Tribes. All rights reserved.
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Table of Contents:
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Last of the Amarna Pharaohs: King Tut and His Relatives ............................................................ 2 Historical Background ............................................................................................................ 2 Genetic Analysis of Amarna Mummies .................................................................................. 3 Conclusion .............................................................................................................................. 4 Appendix: Regional Analysis for Individual Amarna Mummies ........................................... 5 Getting the Most from Your STR Testing ...................................................................................... 9
Introduction
Hello, and welcome to the January 2012 issue of DNA Tribes Digest. This months article features an analysis of several mummies, including the famous King Tut and his relatives. These individuals lived in a unique time more than three thousand years ago: the Amarna period, which has left a vivid archaeological record of life in pharaonic Egypt. Best regards and Happy New Year, Lucas Martin DNA Tribes
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During Akhenatens reign, the Aten was represented as a phonetic name and inscribed in a cartouche, suggesting an abstract yet personal concept of deity sometimes compared to the Abrahamic traditions. For instance, some scholars have compared Psalm 104 with devotional poetry found in the ruins of Akhetaten. 2 Ay was Overseer of All the Horses of His Majesty and possibly the father-in-law of Akhenaten and related to several studied Amarna mummies. 3 More recently, some archaeologists have compared the Predynastic Naqada culture of Egypt with the A-Group culture of Nubia (located south of Egypt along the Nile River).
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MLIforWorldRegion SouthernAfrican AfricanGreatLakes TropicalWestAfrican HornofAfrica Sahelian Levantine Aegean Arabian NorthwestEuropean Mediterranean NorthAfrican Mesopotamian
Thuya 359.72 233.49 142.84 14.65 39.14 0.40 0.12 0.12 0.21 0.08 2.22 0.06
Yuya 34.48 35.53 8.91 0.79 0.74 1.56 0.35 0.42 0.28 0.23 0.21 0.41
KV35EL 20.73 20.87 6.93 5.17 5.76 0.66 0.87 0.70 1.26 0.74 0.75 0.63
Amen hotepIII 108.53 222.53 37.43 12.03 2.97 10.30 9.06 5.58 3.99 4.54 3.39 6.24
KV55 174.90 381.30 53.03 4.54 4.40 6.07 7.05 2.83 10.41 5.81 3.25 2.69
KV35YL 71.17 44.58 22.99 22.00 16.85 8.40 20.16 21.41 15.01 16.80 12.63 11.54
Tut 1,519.03 1,328.01 314.00 44.35 30.41 21.08 9.85 10.91 5.33 6.04 6.55 5.27
Average 326.94 323.76 83.74 14.79 14.33 6.92 6.78 6.00 5.21 4.89 4.14 3.84
Table 1: Top MLI (Match Likelihood Index) scores for Amarna mummies based on the world regions identified by DNA Tribes STR analysis. Each MLI score identifies the likelihood of occurrence of an STR profile in that region versus the likelihood of occurrence in the world as a whole.
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Figure 1: Map of average regional match likelihood (MLI) scores for the Amarna mummies. For more information about the world regions identified in DNA Tribes STR based tests, see http://dnatribes.com/populations.html.
Conclusion
Results indicated the autosomal STR profiles of the Amarna period mummies were most frequent in modern populations in several parts of Africa. These results are based on the 8 STR markers for which these pharaonic mummies have been tested, which allow a preliminary geographical analysis for these individuals who lived in Egypt during the Amarna period of the 14th century BCE. Although results do not necessarily suggest exclusively African ancestry, geographical analysis suggests ancestral links with neighboring populations in Africa for the studied pharaonic mummies. If new data become available in the future, it might become possible to further clarify results and shed new light on the relationships of ancient individuals to modern populations.
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Figure 2: Thuya.
Figure 3: Yuya.
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Figure 8: Tutankhamun.
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